ADGM (Abu Dhabi) vs Ireland: which jurisdiction wins?

ADGM (Abu Dhabi) vs Ireland — both credible, very different trade-offs. Below: side-by-side on the variables that actually move the decision.

	ADGM (Abu Dhabi)	Ireland
Tax headline	0% on qualifying income (9% otherwise)	12.5% trading, 15% Pillar 2 for large groups
Formation days	14	5
First-year cost	$11,500	$5,500
Treaties	140+	75+
Substance	Office and director presence required	Substance critical (CFC, BEPS)
Banking	ADGM banks plus FAB, ADCB onshore introductions	BOI, AIB, plus US bank branches

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