ADGM (Abu Dhabi) vs Netherlands: which jurisdiction wins?

ADGM (Abu Dhabi) vs Netherlands — both credible, very different trade-offs. Below: side-by-side on the variables that actually move the decision.

	ADGM (Abu Dhabi)	Netherlands
Tax headline	0% on qualifying income (9% otherwise)	25.8% corporate; participation exemption for holdings
Formation days	14	5
First-year cost	$11,500	$6,500
Treaties	140+	95+
Substance	Office and director presence required	Substance decree — mandatory directors, payroll, office
Banking	ADGM banks plus FAB, ADCB onshore introductions	ING, Rabobank, ABN AMRO

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