Ireland vs ADGM (Abu Dhabi): which jurisdiction wins?

Ireland vs ADGM (Abu Dhabi) — both credible, very different trade-offs. Below: side-by-side on the variables that actually move the decision.

	Ireland	ADGM (Abu Dhabi)
Tax headline	12.5% trading, 15% Pillar 2 for large groups	0% on qualifying income (9% otherwise)
Formation days	5	14
First-year cost	$5,500	$11,500
Treaties	75+	140+
Substance	Substance critical (CFC, BEPS)	Office and director presence required
Banking	BOI, AIB, plus US bank branches	ADGM banks plus FAB, ADCB onshore introductions

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