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Netherlands vs Vanuatu: which jurisdiction wins?

Netherlands vs Vanuatu — both credible, very different trade-offs. Below: side-by-side on the variables that actually move the decision.

 NetherlandsVanuatu
Tax headline25.8% corporate; participation exemption for holdings0% income/corporate tax
Formation days55
First-year cost$6,500$2,500
Treaties95+Limited
SubstanceSubstance decree — mandatory directors, payroll, officeLight
BankingING, Rabobank, ABN AMROLimited

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